Recent studies have focused on innovative targeted therapies for meningiomas, particularly emphasizing the role of specific biomarkers and therapeutic agents. One significant finding is the identification of mesothelin as a promising target for CAR T-cell therapy in meningiomas. This study demonstrated that mesothelin is expressed on the surface of human meningioma cells, suggesting that CAR T-cells engineered to target this antigen could be effective in treating refractory cases (ref: Ramapriyan doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/). Additionally, single-cell analysis has revealed a complex evolutionary trajectory of meningioma cells, highlighting their intra-tumoral heterogeneity and interactions with immune cells, which may influence treatment responses and recurrence rates (ref: Lee doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60653-0/). Furthermore, novel therapeutic approaches utilizing microRNA-34a-5p have shown promise in inducing apoptosis in malignant meningioma cells, indicating a potential avenue for future treatment strategies (ref: Ishikawa doi.org/10.1007/s11060-025-05172-0/). The role of Ki-67 as a proliferation marker has also been scrutinized, revealing its complex relationship with immune infiltration in the tumor microenvironment, which could affect prognostic assessments and treatment decisions (ref: Guo doi.org/10.3171/2025.4.JNS25438/). Lastly, the overexpression of EZH2 has been linked to aggressive behavior in high-grade meningiomas, correlating with poor survival outcomes and increased cell proliferation, thus presenting a potential therapeutic target (ref: Szőke doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/).

The genetic landscape of meningiomas has been further elucidated through comprehensive analyses of copy number alterations (CNAs) and their implications for tumor behavior and patient outcomes. A pan-cancer study identified size thresholds for CNAs that can aid in risk stratification for meningioma patients, revealing that specific CNA patterns correlate with tumor control and overall survival (ref: Nguyen doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61063-y/). Advances in single-cell sequencing technologies have enabled high-resolution detection of CNAs, allowing for a more nuanced understanding of tumor heterogeneity at the cellular level (ref: Zhao doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60446-5/). Additionally, the biomechanical properties of meningiomas, assessed through MR elastography, have been shown to correlate with histopathological features, suggesting that mechanical stiffness could serve as a diagnostic and prognostic tool (ref: He doi.org/10.1002/jmri.70024/). The interplay between genetic factors and clinical outcomes is further emphasized by studies linking diabetes with a reduced risk of meningiomas, suggesting that metabolic conditions may influence tumor development (ref: Wang doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2025.111519/). Overall, these findings underscore the importance of integrating genetic, molecular, and biomechanical insights to enhance our understanding of meningioma pathogenesis and treatment.

Innovations in radiological and surgical techniques for meningioma treatment have shown promising outcomes, particularly in elderly patients and those with complex tumor presentations. A multicenter retrospective analysis highlighted that frailty and preoperative performance status are critical predictors of surgical outcomes in octogenarian meningioma patients, with a preoperative Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score of less than 70 significantly correlating with worse outcomes (ref: Delgado-López doi.org/10.1007/s11060-025-05174-y/). Additionally, the use of circulating neurofilament light (NfL) levels has been investigated as a biomarker for brain injury following tumor resection, with elevated levels indicating new neurological deficits post-surgery (ref: Michaëlsson doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000003612/). Advances in artificial intelligence have also facilitated precise brain tumor segmentation in MRI images, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning (ref: Lv doi.org/10.1002/mp.17958/). Furthermore, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has emerged as a viable treatment option for foramen magnum meningiomas, demonstrating low complication rates and favorable clinical outcomes (ref: Hajikarimloo doi.org/10.23736/S0390-5616.25.06514-2/). The development of minimally invasive surgical techniques, such as the endoscopic endonasal approach, has provided new avenues for accessing challenging tumor locations while minimizing patient morbidity (ref: Ferlendis doi.org/10.1227/ons.0000000000001695/).

The epidemiological landscape of meningiomas is evolving, with recent studies identifying various environmental and hormonal risk factors associated with tumor development. A nationwide cohort study has linked ambient outdoor air pollution to an increased risk of central nervous system tumors, including meningiomas, suggesting that long-term exposure to pollutants may contribute to tumorigenesis (ref: Hvidtfeldt doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000213920/). Additionally, a matched case-control study examined the association between depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (dMPA) exposure and cerebral meningioma risk, revealing a complex relationship where recent exposure was linked to higher odds of diagnosis (ref: Griffin doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32070401/). Interestingly, diabetes has been associated with a decreased risk of meningiomas, indicating that metabolic factors may play a protective role (ref: Wang doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2025.111519/). Furthermore, a systematic review and meta-analysis identified several clinical and anatomical risk factors predicting the occurrence of seizures in meningioma patients, including age, sex, and tumor location, which could inform preoperative assessments and management strategies (ref: Khan doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2025.111451/). These findings highlight the multifaceted nature of meningioma risk factors and the need for continued research in this area.

Postoperative outcomes and complications following meningioma surgery remain critical areas of investigation, with recent studies focusing on the incidence of neurological deficits and the predictors of postoperative epilepsy. A comprehensive analysis of patients undergoing stereotactic radiotherapy revealed a notable incidence of symptomatic posttreatment edema, with specific predictive factors identified, including tumor location and treatment modality (ref: Aissaoui doi.org/10.1016/j.ctro.2025.101010/). Additionally, a study examining the predictors of postoperative epilepsy found that preoperative seizures were highly predictive of postoperative seizure occurrence, emphasizing the importance of preoperative assessments in surgical planning (ref: Elbadry doi.org/10.1155/bn/). The use of neurofilament light levels as a biomarker for assessing brain injury post-surgery has shown promise, with elevated levels correlating with new neurological deficits, although no association was found with postoperative fatigue (ref: Michaëlsson doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000003612/). These findings underscore the necessity for careful monitoring and management of complications in the postoperative period to optimize patient outcomes.

Advancements in neuroimaging and diagnostic approaches for meningiomas are enhancing the accuracy of tumor characterization and treatment planning. Recent studies have introduced innovative imaging techniques, such as the MamTrans algorithm, which integrates attention mechanisms for improved segmentation of high-grade gliomas and meningiomas in MRI scans (ref: Lv doi.org/10.21037/qims-24-2180/). Additionally, the long-term prognosis of hearing preservation after surgery for cerebellopontine angle tumors has been investigated, revealing that hearing function is better preserved in patients with tumors other than vestibular schwannomas (ref: Ichimasu doi.org/10.1007/s00701-025-06507-6/). The safety profile of lumbar drain use in endoscopic endonasal surgery has also been assessed, indicating that selective use can reduce cerebrospinal fluid leak rates without significant complications (ref: Wishart doi.org/10.1227/ons.0000000000001656/). These advancements in neuroimaging and diagnostic methodologies are crucial for improving surgical outcomes and patient management in meningioma cases.

The psychosocial impact and quality of life among meningioma patients are increasingly recognized as important factors influencing overall patient outcomes. A study examining long-term psychological and neurological outcomes in individuals with a history of non-malignant meningioma highlighted the risks of psychological distress and neurological deficits, emphasizing the need for supportive care and monitoring in this population (ref: Withrow doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/). Furthermore, the role of Ki-67 as a proliferation marker has been explored in relation to immune infiltration in the tumor microenvironment, suggesting that its interpretation may be confounded by the presence of immune cells, which could impact treatment decisions and prognostic assessments (ref: Guo doi.org/10.3171/2025.4.JNS25438/). Additionally, the overexpression of EZH2 in high-grade meningiomas has been linked to aggressive tumor behavior and poorer survival outcomes, indicating that molecular markers may also influence psychosocial factors by affecting patient prognosis and treatment options (ref: Szőke doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/). These findings underscore the importance of addressing both the psychological and biological aspects of meningioma management to enhance patient quality of life.

Innovative treatment modalities for meningiomas are being explored to improve patient outcomes and address the challenges posed by aggressive tumor types. A multicenter analysis of surgical outcomes in octogenarian patients undergoing meningioma resection identified frailty and preoperative performance status as significant predictors of postoperative outcomes, highlighting the need for tailored treatment approaches in this vulnerable population (ref: Delgado-López doi.org/10.1007/s11060-025-05174-y/). Additionally, brain tumor-induced changes in blood plasma lipid profiles have been investigated, revealing potential biomarkers for preoperative diagnostics, although these parameters did not correlate with the Ki-67 mitotic index (ref: Obukhova doi.org/10.3390/cimb47040228/). The application of large language models for extracting operative codes from surgical reports has also shown promise, demonstrating that AI can assist in improving coding accuracy and efficiency in meningioma surgeries (ref: Lehmann doi.org/10.1007/s00701-025-06631-3/). These innovative approaches reflect a growing trend towards integrating advanced technologies and personalized strategies in the management of meningiomas.