Recent advancements in the diagnosis and prognosis of meningiomas have focused on innovative imaging techniques and molecular profiling. A study utilizing picosecond infrared laser mass spectrometry (PIRL-MS) demonstrated a high sensitivity (93±1%) and specificity (97±1%) for diagnosing spinal tumor types, including meningiomas, based on a retrospective analysis of 319 patient specimens (ref: Fiorante doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/). Furthermore, the expression of specific biomarkers such as somatostatin receptor 2a (SSTR2a), fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and HER2/HER3 in higher-grade meningiomas has been investigated as potential targets for radionuclide therapy, highlighting the need for targeted treatment strategies in high-recurrence cases (ref: Mair doi.org/10.1007/s00259-025-07075-8/). Additionally, MRI morphological features combined with apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) have been shown to predict brain invasion in meningiomas, aiding in surgical planning and prognostic assessment (ref: Huang doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2025.109763/). The development of patient-derived meningioma organoids has also emerged as a promising model for studying tumor pathophysiology, retaining the complexity of the tumor microenvironment and providing insights into gene expression relevant to meningioma pathology (ref: Zohdy doi.org/10.3390/cancers17030526/).

The management of meningiomas has seen significant exploration into surgical techniques and the implications of preoperative interventions. A retrospective cohort study examined the incidence of stroke in patients with primary intracranial tumors, revealing similar in-hospital mortality and disability levels between benign and malignant cases (ref: Innes doi.org/10.1007/s00415-025-12929-0/). Surgical nuances, particularly in the resection of anterior skull base meningiomas, have been emphasized, with findings indicating that younger patients and those with better preoperative mRS scores are more likely to experience visual field improvement post-surgery (ref: Sturiale doi.org/10.1007/s10143-025-03210-z/). Moreover, the safety of preoperative embolization techniques has been assessed, showing comparable complication rates between different embolic agents, thus supporting the use of embolization to facilitate safer tumor resections (ref: Alkhars doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2025.123733/). The role of ghrelin in modulating tumor growth has also been investigated, revealing its potential to enhance cell proliferation at specific concentrations, which may influence treatment strategies (ref: Farhat doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.151397/).

Research into the genetics and molecular biology of meningiomas has highlighted the role of RNA polymerase II in cancer prognosis. A study demonstrated that genome-wide hypertranscription is prevalent in human cancers, including meningiomas, and correlates with poor outcomes, suggesting that elevated RNA polymerase II levels may serve as a prognostic marker (ref: Henikoff doi.org/10.1126/science.ads2169/). Additionally, the genetic predisposition to meningiomas has been explored in the context of schwannomatosis, where mutations in NF2, SMARCB1, and LZTR1 genes significantly increase the risk of developing meningiomas alongside other tumors (ref: Perrino doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-24-3278/). This genetic insight underscores the importance of genetic screening and monitoring in at-risk populations, particularly in familial cases where early intervention may be critical.

Radiological advancements have significantly improved the understanding and management of meningiomas. A study on radiomic fingerprinting of peritumoral edema has revealed distinct patterns associated with meningiomas, gliomas, and metastases, suggesting that these features could be pivotal in understanding tumor behavior and progression (ref: Azemi doi.org/10.3390/cancers17030478/). Furthermore, the integration of MRI features with ADC values has proven effective in predicting brain invasion in meningiomas, enhancing preoperative decision-making (ref: Huang doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2025.109763/). The development of a lightweight attention-driven YOLOv5m model for brain tumor detection has also been introduced, aiming to reduce reliance on expert interpretation of MRI scans and minimize human error in diagnostics (ref: Muksimova doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2025.109893/). Additionally, systematic reviews of MRI-derived radiomics models have shown promising results in predicting Ki-67 index status in meningiomas, indicating their potential utility in clinical practice (ref: Broomand Lomer doi.org/10.1016/j.clinimag.2025.110436/).

The epidemiology of meningiomas has been explored through various studies examining environmental and occupational risk factors. A systematic review on radiofrequency field exposure found insufficient evidence linking mobile phone use to increased cancer risk, including meningiomas, indicating a need for further research in this area (ref: Karipidis doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109274/). Additionally, a case-control study investigating heavy metal exposure revealed potential associations with central nervous system tumors, including meningiomas, highlighting the importance of environmental factors in tumor development (ref: Luo doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020092/). Furthermore, a study focused on the surgical outcomes of parasagittal and falx meningioma resections identified significant risk factors for postoperative motor decline, emphasizing the need for careful perioperative planning to mitigate complications (ref: Guo doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1458934/).

Innovative surgical techniques and technologies are transforming the management of meningiomas. The application of multimodal image fusion combined with 3D printing has been explored to enhance surgical precision, allowing for the creation of customized guide plates that improve the protection of critical structures during surgery (ref: Zhao doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2025.123768/). Additionally, metabolomic profiling has emerged as a valuable tool in understanding the metabolic changes associated with gliomas and meningiomas, potentially leading to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies (ref: Godlewski doi.org/10.1007/s11306-025-02231-5/). The safety profile of preoperative embolization techniques has also been assessed, demonstrating comparable complication rates across different embolic agents, thus supporting their use in facilitating safer tumor resections (ref: Alkhars doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2025.123733/).

Patient-derived models have become essential in studying meningioma pathophysiology and treatment responses. The development of meningioma organoids has shown promise in retaining the tumor microenvironment's complexity, allowing for more accurate modeling of tumor behavior and drug responses (ref: Zohdy doi.org/10.3390/cancers17030526/). Furthermore, studies investigating the effects of environmental factors, such as radiofrequency exposure, have provided insights into potential carcinogenic risks associated with meningiomas, although results remain inconclusive (ref: Karipidis doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109274/). Additionally, research into the impact of stroke in patients with primary intracranial tumors has highlighted the need for tailored management strategies to improve patient outcomes (ref: Innes doi.org/10.1007/s00415-025-12929-0/).

The public health implications of meningioma research are becoming increasingly recognized, particularly in the context of neuro-oncological research output in the Middle East. A scoping review revealed significant gaps in research efforts addressing the burden of brain tumors in this region, emphasizing the need for enhanced surveillance and resource allocation (ref: Alkhawaldeh doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100883/). Furthermore, studies on the risk factors for motor decline following meningioma resection underscore the importance of understanding postoperative outcomes to inform clinical guidelines and improve patient care (ref: Guo doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1458934/). These findings highlight the intersection of clinical research and public health, advocating for a comprehensive approach to address the challenges posed by meningiomas.