Recent studies have significantly advanced the understanding of the molecular and genetic landscape of meningiomas, particularly through the identification of distinct molecular subgroups. Youngblood et al. explored the associations between these subgroups and tumor recurrence, revealing that integrated genomic and epigenomic analyses could inform clinical prognostication and treatment optimization (ref: Youngblood doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/). Williams et al. expanded on this by presenting a genomic survey of high-grade/progressive meningiomas, identifying three subclasses based on NF2 mutation status, which underscores the heterogeneity of aggressive meningiomas and the need for tailored therapeutic approaches (ref: Williams doi.org/10.1186/s40478-020-01040-2/). Furthermore, Schieffer et al. highlighted a rare subset of childhood and young adult meningiomas characterized by a YAP1-FAM118B fusion, indicating that genetic drivers beyond NF2 are crucial in understanding the pathogenesis of these tumors (ref: Schieffer doi.org/10.1097/PAS.0000000000001597/). Teranishi et al. improved diagnostic rates for mosaic neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) through targeted deep sequencing, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive genetic testing in atypical presentations of meningiomas (ref: Teranishi doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2020-106973/). Chen et al. introduced a novel scoring system based on preoperative blood tests to predict the prognosis of atypical meningiomas, demonstrating the potential of integrating clinical and laboratory data for better patient outcomes (ref: Chen doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01705/). Lastly, Wu et al. investigated the role of FOXM1 in malignant meningioma cells, revealing its promotion of tumor growth via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway, thus providing insights into potential therapeutic targets (ref: Wu doi.org/10.5114/fn.2020.100065/).

The epidemiological landscape of meningiomas has been elucidated through various studies, highlighting incidence rates and demographic disparities. The CBTRUS Statistical Report indicated an average annual age-adjusted incidence rate of 23.79 per 100,000 for all CNS tumors, with a notable distinction between malignant (7.08) and non-malignant (16.71) cases, emphasizing the prevalence of non-malignant meningiomas (ref: Ostrom doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/). Kalasauskas et al. focused on atypical meningiomas, which have a high recurrence rate of up to 60% within five years post-resection, and sought to identify radiomic features that could predict tumor recurrence, thus addressing a significant gap in clinical management (ref: Kalasauskas doi.org/10.3390/cancers12102942/). He et al. contributed to the understanding of pediatric meningiomas, reporting a 0.74% incidence rate among children and adolescents, and detailing clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in a cohort of 39 patients (ref: He doi.org/10.1007/s11060-020-03649-8/). Pereira et al. conducted a systematic review on hemorrhagic onset in meningiomas, providing a comprehensive overview of the natural history of this phenomenon, which remains poorly understood (ref: Pereira doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106175/). Ghaffari-Rafi et al. examined demographic and socioeconomic disparities in spinal meningiomas, revealing significant differences in incidence rates based on gender, income, and geographic location, which could inform targeted public health strategies (ref: Ghaffari-Rafi doi.org/10.1016/j.neuchi.2020.09.005/).

Surgical management of meningiomas has evolved, with recent studies emphasizing the prognostic value of the Simpson grading scale and the impact of surgical techniques on patient outcomes. Przybylowski et al. demonstrated that Simpson grade I resection significantly improves recurrence-free survival (RFS) compared to lower grades, highlighting the importance of achieving maximal safe resection during surgery (ref: Przybylowski doi.org/10.3171/2020.6.JNS20374/). Corniola et al. analyzed outcomes in octogenarians undergoing meningioma resection, finding that while surgery is often deemed questionable in this age group, it can be performed safely with careful consideration of patient factors (ref: Corniola doi.org/10.3171/2020.7.FOCUS20306/). Thakur et al. compared minimally invasive surgical techniques in elderly patients, revealing comparable outcomes to younger cohorts, thus supporting the use of less invasive approaches in older populations (ref: Thakur doi.org/10.3171/2020.7.FOCUS20515/). Theriault et al. identified frailty as an independent predictor of adverse outcomes post-surgery, emphasizing the need for preoperative assessments to optimize surgical planning (ref: Theriault doi.org/10.3171/2020.7.FOCUS20324/). Behling et al. discussed the integration of the updated WHO classification with Simpson grading, noting that factors such as age and tumor recurrence significantly influence prognosis (ref: Behling doi.org/10.1007/s10143-020-01428-7/). Jamshidi et al. presented a case series on the management of large intraventricular meningiomas using minimally invasive techniques, demonstrating the safety and efficacy of these approaches (ref: Jamshidi doi.org/10.1007/s10143-020-01409-w/).

Prognostic factors in meningiomas have been a focal point of recent research, with studies identifying various clinical, radiological, and molecular predictors of outcomes. Kalasauskas et al. investigated the association of radiomic features with recurrence in atypical meningiomas, aiming to establish criteria for identifying high-risk tumors, which is crucial for guiding treatment decisions (ref: Kalasauskas doi.org/10.3390/cancers12102942/). The legacy of Donald Simpson, as highlighted by Chicoine et al., continues to influence prognostic assessments through the Simpson grading system, which correlates the extent of resection with patient outcomes (ref: Chicoine doi.org/10.3171/2020.6.JNS201331/). Chen et al. developed a novel scoring system based on preoperative blood tests, demonstrating its predictive value for three-year progression-free survival in atypical meningiomas, thus integrating laboratory data into clinical prognostication (ref: Chen doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01705/). Shen et al. raised the question of DNA methylation as a potential prognostic marker, suggesting that further research into molecular subtypes could enhance the current WHO classification (ref: Shen doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01323/). Schneider et al. examined outcomes related to tumor-associated proptosis in spheno-orbital meningiomas, contributing to the understanding of surgical outcomes in this specific context (ref: Schneider doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.574074/). Brokinkel et al. analyzed risk factors for postoperative seizures, identifying preoperative Karnofsky scores and tumor characteristics as significant predictors, which could inform preoperative counseling and management strategies (ref: Brokinkel doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106315/).

Radiological advancements have significantly enhanced the diagnostic and prognostic capabilities in the management of meningiomas. Przybylowski et al. reaffirmed the prognostic value of the Simpson grading scale through binary logistic regression analysis, demonstrating its relevance in predicting postoperative outcomes and recurrence-free survival (ref: Przybylowski doi.org/10.3171/2020.6.JNS20374/). Cebeci et al. introduced dynamic susceptibility perfusion imaging to differentiate between meningiomas and schwannomas, achieving high sensitivity and specificity, thus providing a valuable tool for preoperative planning (ref: Cebeci doi.org/10.1016/j.neurad.2020.09.008/). Zhang et al. focused on the differentiation of non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas from sellar meningiomas using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, achieving excellent discrimination and accuracy, which could aid in surgical decision-making (ref: Zhang doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0434/). Jamshidi et al. reported on the management of large intraventricular meningiomas using minimally invasive techniques, emphasizing the importance of radiographic outcomes in assessing surgical efficacy (ref: Jamshidi doi.org/10.1007/s10143-020-01409-w/). Trivedi et al. conducted a matched-cohort analysis to compare peritumoral brain edema and surgical outcomes in secretory versus non-secretory meningiomas, providing insights into the impact of edema on surgical results (ref: Trivedi doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.09.151/).

The complications and long-term outcomes associated with meningioma surgeries have been critically analyzed in recent literature, revealing important insights into patient management. Corniola et al. investigated the outcomes of meningioma resections in octogenarians, finding that while surgery poses risks, it can be performed safely with careful patient selection (ref: Corniola doi.org/10.3171/2020.7.FOCUS20306/). Thakur et al. compared minimally invasive surgical techniques in elderly patients, demonstrating that these approaches yield favorable outcomes and reduced complications compared to traditional methods (ref: Thakur doi.org/10.3171/2020.7.FOCUS20515/). Theriault et al. identified frailty as a significant predictor of adverse outcomes post-surgery, emphasizing the need for comprehensive preoperative assessments to mitigate risks (ref: Theriault doi.org/10.3171/2020.7.FOCUS20324/). Xue et al. reported a higher prevalence of comorbidity with other primary neoplasms in cerebellopontine angle meningiomas, suggesting that these patients may require more intensive monitoring and management strategies (ref: Xue doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2020.1826575/). Cieśluk et al. explored the mechanical properties of brain tumors, proposing that tissue stiffness could serve as a diagnostic tool, potentially impacting surgical approaches and outcomes (ref: Cieśluk doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S270147/).

The psychosocial impact of meningiomas on patients' quality of life has garnered attention in recent studies, highlighting the need for comprehensive care. Maurer et al. conducted an observational cohort study using a nationwide database to assess the incidence of mental health disorders in patients with untreated meningiomas, revealing a significant association between brain tumor diagnosis and mental health challenges (ref: Maurer doi.org/10.1093/nop/). Altinoz et al. revisited the potential role of tamoxifen in preventing meningioma development, suggesting that its long-term use in breast cancer patients may reduce the risk of meningioma, thus opening avenues for preventive strategies (ref: Altinoz doi.org/10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000634/). Hinrichs et al. identified risk factors for preoperative seizures in meningioma patients, emphasizing the psychosocial implications of seizure disorders on quality of life and the importance of addressing these factors in preoperative planning (ref: Hinrichs doi.org/10.23736/S0390-5616.20.05068-7/). These studies collectively underscore the multifaceted challenges faced by meningioma patients, necessitating a holistic approach to treatment that encompasses both medical and psychosocial support.

Research into the biological mechanisms underlying meningiomas has revealed critical insights into tumor behavior and potential therapeutic targets. Wu et al. investigated the role of Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) in malignant meningioma cells, demonstrating that FOXM1 promotes cell growth and tube formation through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway, thus highlighting a potential target for therapeutic intervention (ref: Wu doi.org/10.5114/fn.2020.100065/). Schneider et al. examined the outcomes of patients with spheno-orbital meningiomas and tumor-associated proptosis, providing a systematic review that underscores the importance of understanding tumor biology in relation to clinical outcomes (ref: Schneider doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.574074/). Chen et al. developed a scoring system based on preoperative blood tests to predict the prognosis of atypical meningiomas, integrating biological markers into clinical practice (ref: Chen doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01705/). These studies collectively contribute to a deeper understanding of meningioma biology, paving the way for innovative treatment strategies that target specific molecular pathways.