Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as pivotal players in cancer therapy, particularly in the context of drug delivery and biomarker discovery. A significant advancement in this field is the development of engineered artificial vesicles (EAVs) designed for targeted therapy in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). These EAVs, constructed from HEK293T cells expressing ANG-TRP-PK1 peptides, demonstrate enhanced targeting capabilities and improved drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier, addressing a major challenge in GBM treatment (ref: Liu doi.org/10.1002/adma.202303660/). Additionally, the use of EV-encapsulated adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) has shown superior gene delivery efficacy compared to free AAVs, particularly in the presence of neutralizing antibodies, highlighting the potential of EVs in overcoming immunological barriers in therapeutic applications (ref: Li doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.063759/). Furthermore, the integration of machine learning models with genome-wide mutation profiles from cell-free DNA has enabled the non-invasive detection of lung cancer, achieving over 90% detection rates in early-stage patients, underscoring the diagnostic potential of EVs in cancer (ref: Bruhm doi.org/10.1038/s41588-023-01446-3/). Overall, these studies illustrate the multifaceted roles of EVs in enhancing therapeutic efficacy and facilitating early cancer detection, paving the way for innovative cancer treatment strategies.

The role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in disease mechanisms has garnered significant attention, particularly in understanding their contributions to various pathologies. Recent research has elucidated how EVs from cerebral venous disease patients can disrupt neuronal and endothelial cell functions, leading to brain atrophy, thereby linking EVs to neurological disorders (ref: Wang doi.org/10.1002/advs.202301574/). Additionally, studies have demonstrated that tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) facilitate metastatic processes by inducing pre-metastatic niches, highlighting their role in cancer progression (ref: Deng doi.org/10.1002/adma.202303736/). In the context of metabolic diseases, the delivery of hypoxia-treated mitochondria via EVs has been shown to reverse metabolic dysfunction in pancreatic acinar cells, suggesting a therapeutic avenue for acute pancreatitis (ref: Hu doi.org/10.1002/advs.202207691/). These findings collectively underscore the critical involvement of EVs in mediating intercellular communication and influencing disease outcomes, thus presenting opportunities for targeted therapeutic interventions.

Engineering extracellular vesicles (EVs) for therapeutic applications has become a focal point in biomedical research. Innovative approaches, such as the development of a portable microstructured electrochemical fluidic device, have enabled the rapid capturing, loading, and release of EVs, demonstrating its utility in isolating EVs from diabetic wound healing contexts (ref: Krivitsky doi.org/10.1002/adma.202212000/). Furthermore, high-throughput profiling techniques for EVs have been established to facilitate the early detection of ovarian cancer, focusing on high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) and leveraging insights into its pathogenesis (ref: Jo doi.org/10.1002/advs.202301930/). The integration of computational methods in designing photoelectrode materials for light-assisted energy storage also illustrates the versatility of EVs in engineering applications (ref: Qian doi.org/10.1002/smll.202304045/). These advancements highlight the potential of engineered EVs not only in therapeutic contexts but also in diagnostics and energy applications, marking a significant step forward in the field.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in mediating metabolic and inflammatory responses, particularly in the context of disease. Research has shown that EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can deliver hypoxia-treated mitochondria to pancreatic acinar cells, effectively reversing metabolic dysfunction and mitigating injury in acute pancreatitis (ref: Hu doi.org/10.1002/advs.202207691/). This highlights the therapeutic potential of EVs in restoring cellular homeostasis during inflammatory conditions. Additionally, the characterization of tissue-entrapped EVs has revealed their unique modulatory roles in atherosclerosis and calcific aortic valve stenosis, suggesting that these vesicles could serve as biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases (ref: Blaser doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.063402/). The interplay between EVs and metabolic pathways underscores their significance in both disease progression and potential therapeutic strategies, emphasizing the need for further exploration of their roles in inflammatory responses.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as critical components in the study of neurological disorders, particularly in the context of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Recent advancements in multiplexed RNA profiling have enabled the characterization of circulating RNAs in EVs, facilitating non-invasive subtyping of GBM, which traditionally requires invasive biopsies (ref: Zhang doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-39844-0/). This innovative approach not only enhances diagnostic accuracy but also provides insights into tumor biology. Furthermore, engineered artificial vesicles (EAVs) have been developed to improve drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier, addressing a significant challenge in treating GBM (ref: Liu doi.org/10.1002/adma.202303660/). Additionally, the role of EVs in cerebral venous disease has been highlighted, where they contribute to brain atrophy by disrupting neuronal functions (ref: Wang doi.org/10.1002/advs.202301574/). Collectively, these studies underscore the potential of EVs as both biomarkers and therapeutic vehicles in neurological disorders, paving the way for novel treatment strategies.

The utilization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as biomarkers for diagnostics has gained significant traction, particularly in cancer detection. High-throughput profiling of EVs has been systematically developed for the early detection of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), focusing on identifying specific biomarkers associated with precursor lesions (ref: Jo doi.org/10.1002/advs.202301930/). This approach addresses the challenge of early cancer diagnosis, where traditional methods often fall short. Additionally, the analysis of tissue-entrapped EVs has revealed their potential as biomarkers for atherosclerosis and calcific aortic valve stenosis, providing insights into differential pathogenesis in cardiovascular diseases (ref: Blaser doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.063402/). Furthermore, the delivery of functional mitochondria via EVs from MSCs has shown promise in mitigating acute pancreatitis injury, highlighting their role in regenerative medicine (ref: Hu doi.org/10.1002/advs.202207691/). These findings collectively emphasize the critical role of EVs in biomarker discovery and diagnostics, offering new avenues for early disease detection and therapeutic interventions.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized for their potential applications in regenerative medicine, particularly in tissue repair and regeneration. Recent studies have demonstrated the ability of EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to deliver therapeutic mitochondria to damaged pancreatic acinar cells, effectively reversing metabolic dysfunction and promoting recovery in acute pancreatitis (ref: Hu doi.org/10.1002/advs.202207691/). This highlights the regenerative capabilities of EVs in restoring cellular function. Additionally, engineered artificial vesicles (EAVs) have been developed for targeted therapy in glioblastoma, showcasing their potential in overcoming delivery challenges associated with the blood-brain barrier (ref: Liu doi.org/10.1002/adma.202303660/). Furthermore, advancements in luminescence thermometry have opened new avenues for monitoring cellular dynamics and responses in regenerative contexts, emphasizing the versatility of EVs in therapeutic applications (ref: Brites doi.org/10.1002/adma.202302749/). Collectively, these studies underscore the transformative potential of EVs in regenerative medicine, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a significant role in immune modulation, influencing both innate and adaptive immune responses. Recent research has highlighted the ability of tumor-derived exosomes to create immunosuppressive environments, facilitating cancer progression and metastasis (ref: Deng doi.org/10.1002/adma.202303736/). This underscores the potential of targeting EVs as a therapeutic strategy to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Additionally, the delivery of hypoxia-treated mitochondria via EVs from MSCs has been shown to modulate inflammatory responses in acute pancreatitis, suggesting a dual role in both tissue repair and immune regulation (ref: Hu doi.org/10.1002/advs.202207691/). Furthermore, the characterization of EVs in cerebral venous disease has revealed their impact on neuronal and endothelial cell functions, contributing to brain atrophy and highlighting their role in neurological disorders (ref: Wang doi.org/10.1002/advs.202301574/). These findings collectively emphasize the importance of EVs in immune modulation and their potential as therapeutic targets in various diseases.