Nanopore sequencing has emerged as a powerful tool in reproductive biology, particularly in the investigation of fecundity genes in livestock. A notable study focused on sheep (Ovis aries) utilized nanopore sequencing to analyze mRNA expression in the pituitary gland, an organ crucial for regulating reproductive hormones. This research highlighted the complexity of reproductive traits, which are influenced by both minor and major genes. The study found that specific genes associated with high fecundity were differentially expressed, suggesting that the pituitary plays a significant role in the reproductive efficiency of sheep. The methodology employed nanopore sequencing to provide a comprehensive view of the transcriptome, allowing for the identification of novel genes that may contribute to reproductive traits (ref: Xiao doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11732-5/). Furthermore, the findings underscore the potential of using advanced sequencing technologies to unravel the genetic basis of reproductive traits, which could lead to improved breeding strategies in livestock. The integration of this technology into reproductive biology research not only enhances our understanding of gene expression but also opens avenues for genetic selection aimed at increasing fecundity in agricultural species.